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One consequence of having Ta too low is that one or both primers will anneal to sequences other than the intended target, because internal single-base mismatches or partial annealing may be tolerated. This can lead to nonspecific PCR amplification and will consequently reduce the yield of the desired product. Conversely, when Ta is too high reaction efficiency may be reduced because the likelihood of primer annealing is reduced significantly. Optimal annealing temperatures give the highest product yield of the correct amplicon.
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